Tranquilizers

Tranquilizers are legal drugs prescribed by doctors to treat a variety of conditions. There are two broad classes of tranquilizers, major and minor. 'Major tranquilizers' are used to treat psychotic illnesses like schizophrenia. 'Minor tranquilizers', or benzodiazepines, have a calming effect that promotes sleep.

Tranquilizers are prescribed to:

Recreational use of tranquilizers

Some people take minor tranquilizers recreationally, as a means of getting high. It is important to know that the misleading label of 'minor' is for classification purposes only. Contrary to its implications, 'minor' doesn't mean that this family of tranquilizer is weak or low dose. Some common examples of minor tranquilizers include diazepam (Valium), oxazepam (Serapax), nitazepam (Mogadon), and flunitrazepam (Rohypnol). Minor tranquilizers are extremely popular prescription drugs.

How minor tranquilizers work

Minor tranquilizers are central nervous system depressants, which means they slow down the workings of the brain. They only mask the symptoms of anxiety or insomnia, and don't solve the underlying causes of these conditions. Minor tranquilizers are highly addictive, whether they are taken under medical supervision or used recreationally. It is generally recommended that they only be used for a few days or weeks at a time. Other means of conquering anxiety or insomnia, such as stress management, exercise or relaxation techniques should be investigated as long term solutions.

Common effects

The effects of minor tranquilizers depend on the strength of the dose taken, the physiology of the user, and their state of mind at the time of taking the drug. Generally, some of the common effects of minor tranquilizers include:

Use during pregnancy

Tranquilizers should not be used by pregnant women as they may pose a risk to the developing baby.

The symptoms of overdose

In large doses, minor tranquilizers produce a similar effect to drunkenness. The user loses coordination, slurs their speech, and has problems with thinking, concentration, and memory. Severe mood swings, uncontrollable rages, skin rashes, nausea, and problems with sleeping are other common side effects of large doses. The user runs the risk of coma or death if they combine minor tranquilizers with other drugs such as alcohol, pain-killers, antidepressants, antihistamines, marijuana, or heroin.

Dependence, tolerance, and withdrawal

Taking minor tranquilizers regularly can lead to psychological dependence. The user feels they need the drug in order to cope with daily life. After only a short amount of time, a person can develop a tolerance. This means they need to take larger and larger doses to achieve the same effect. Some people experience a drop in effect after only a few days. Over time, the body comes to depend on minor tranquilizers in order to function at its best. Withdrawal symptoms can be mild to moderate or severe and can include panic attacks, nausea and vomiting, depression, sleep disturbances, tremors, sweating, delirium and paranoia. It is recommended that a user withdraw under medical supervision.

Damage caused by long term use

Using minor tranquilizers on a regular basis can lead to significant health problems, including:

Type of help available

Treatment options for drug addiction include: detoxification, individual counseling, and group therapy. See your doctor for information and referral, or contact an alcohol and drug service in your area.

Where to get help